Construction Steps and Precautions for Fiber Optic Cable

1. The steps of fiber optic construction

Fiber optic cable is composed of extremely pure quartz glass, laying and construction should consider the same matters as the cable project. However, fiber optic resistance to tension, torsion, bending, lateral pressure resistance, poor performance, easy to break, so in the construction methods, processes, processes and other aspects of higher technology, test instruments, mechanical tools, auxiliary materials, such as high precision, dry and clean, requiring a high level of technical knowledge and operational skills of construction personnel.

Fiber optic cable construction is generally divided into the following steps: preparation work, routing engineering, optical cable arrangement, optical cable splicing, cable test.

2. Precautions for using optical cable

(1) Can not be placed flat or overlapping placed, shall not be subject to impact, extrusion and any mechanical damage; to prevent moisture and long exposure to the sun.

(2) The cable tray with fiber optic cable should not be moved a long distance, if you need to do a short distance of rolling, should also be marked on the cable tray rolling direction of the cable rolling cable.

(3) Loading and unloading of fiber optic cable, should use lifting machinery or special platform. Loading and unloading should not damage the cable tray guard cable storage temperature should meet the working temperature (-40℃ ~ +60℃), if more than this range, should be retested before delivery for use.

3. General techniques of laying

Need to choose the appropriate cable sheath according to the use of the environment and installation methods. It is appropriate to use armored fiber optic cable for outdoor direct burial applications. When the fiber optic cable has two or more reinforcements in the form of a black plastic outer sheath, it can be put to use. When selecting a fiber optic cable for a building, consider its flame retardant, toxic, and smoke qualities. In general, flame retardant materials can be used in forced ventilation or pipelines, but they must also be non-toxic and smoke-free in situations that are exposed to the elements.

Fiber optic cable in handling and storage should keep the cable tray upright, it is strictly prohibited to put the cable tray flat or stacked, so as not to cause confusion or damage to the cable line. Short-distance rolling cable tray, should be strictly in accordance with the direction of the arrow marked on the cable tray rolling, and pay attention to the ground smooth, so as not to damage the protection plate and injury to the cable. The long-distance rolling of the fiber optic cable is prohibited. Fiber optic cable in loading and unloading should be forklift or lifting equipment, strictly prohibited from rolling or throwing directly from the car, so as not to damage the fiber optic cable. Fiber optic cable laying process, its turning radius should be greater than the diameter of the cable itself 20 times the fiber optic cable, to prevent the cable knot. Fiber optic cable through the tube or segmented placement should be strictly controlled cable twist, if necessary, it is appropriate to use the inverted "8" method, so that the cable is always in a torsion-free state, in order to remove the twisted stress, to ensure the service life of the cable.

Fiber optic cable laying process, human traction or mechanical traction radial traction force shall be less than 80% of the maximum allowable tension of the fiber, and the force in the fiber reinforcement. Longer distances should be segmented in multiple places at the same time traction. Avoid operating the fiber optic cable adhesive layer during the laying process, and prevent heavy objects such as cars from crushing laterally. Calculate the laying length, and make sure to have enough reserved length. When laying the fiber optic cable in the cable trough, the cable should be parallel to the existing cable and should not be twisted together with other cables. When the fiber optic cable enters the wiring room, attention should be paid to the smoothness of the edges at the inlet or outlet of the pipe, which should be protected by a sleeve. Fiber optic cable from the building's cable shaft into the wiring room, laying fiber optic cable in the well, in order to reduce the load on the fiber optic cable, should be at certain intervals with cable clamps or cable tape will be held in the bridge or vertical wire channel. Fiber optic cable placement is complete, should check whether the fiber is good. Fiber optic cable ends should be sealed and moisture-proof treatment, shall not be immersed in water. Fiber optic cable termination should be completely fixed with fiber optic cable clips, not to make it loose. Label the fiber core on the pigtail according to the color code and serial number.

4. The technology of Cable laying along vertical shaft construction

There are two options for laying fiber optic cables in weak wells: upward pulling and downward dropping. Usually it is easier to drop down than to pull up, so when you are ready to drop down to lay the cable, you should work according to the following steps.

Place the fiber optic cable reel at 1-1.5m from the slot hole between the equipment on the top floor of the building, so that the reel can control the fiber optic cable when it is rotating. Place the fiber optic cable reel on the platform so that the cable is perpendicular to the reel axis at all times, place the reel so that the end of the cable is on top of it, and then pull the cable from the top of the reel.

Rotate the spool and pull the cable from the top. The minimum bend radius and maximum tension must be ensured when pulling the fiber optic cable. Guide the fiber optic cable into the laid cable tray. If the cable bridge opening is small, the first need to install a plastic guide plate, its role is to prevent fiber optic cable and the side of the bridge to produce friction and cause damage to the cable. If the opening for placing the fiber optic cable is large, a pulley is installed in the center of the hole. Then the fiber optic cable is pulled out and wound to the wheel.

Pull the fiber optic cable on the spool slowly downward until the next floor up can introduce the fiber optic cable into the next slot hole. Repeat the above steps on each floor, and when the fiber optic cable reaches the bottom floor, make the cable coiled loosely on the ground. When laying vertically, special attention should be paid to the weight bearing of the fiber optic cable, generally every 5 meters or so, the cable should be fixed with cable tapes. With this method, the fiber optic cable does not need intermediate support, but be careful to bundle the cable, do not break the fiber. In order to avoid breaking the fiber and additional transmission loss, do not touch the outer sheath of the cable when bundling the cable.

The steps to fix the fiber optic cable are as follows:

Use plastic cable ties, starting from the top of the cable, the trunk cable fastened in the cable bridge; from top to bottom, in the specified interval (5m) to install the cable ties, until the trunk cable is firmly fastened, check the cable jacket is not broken, cover the outer cover of the bridge, the cable through the wall or through the floor, to add a protective plastic tube with mouth, and to fill the tube with fire-retardant filler, each floor and turn must be leave a person to guide.